Depending on the type of grape used and the length of time it is aged, wine can range in flavour from fruity and sweet to dry and complex. Whether you are enjoying a glass of wine with a meal or simply savouring a glass on its own, understanding the basics of this complex beverage can help you appreciate it all the more.
There are many different types of wine grapes, and each type of grape produces wine with unique characteristics. The three most common types of grapes used in wine-making are:
- Merlot: Merlot wines are characterised by their smooth, velvety texture and fruity flavour. Merlot grapes are one of the most popular types of grapes used in red wine production.
- Chardonnay: Chardonnay wines are known for their crisp, clean taste. Chardonnay grapes are the most widely planted type of grape in the world and are used to produce both white and sparkling wines.
- Cabernet Sauvignon: Cabernet Sauvignon wines are full-bodied and have a strong, tannic flavour. Cabernet Sauvignon grapes are the most widely planted type of red wine grape in the world.
Wine regions around the world
Italy is home to some of the oldest wine-producing regions in the world, and its diverse landscape provides a perfect climate for a wide variety of grape varietals. From the rolling hills of Tuscany to the dramatic slopes of Sicily, each region has its own unique climate and terroir that produces wines with distinctive flavours and aromas. The country's mountainous north is well suited for producing full-bodied red wines, while the rolling hills of Tuscany are ideal for growing the Sangiovese grapes used in Chianti. Meanwhile, the sunny coastal regions of Sicily and Puglia are known for their light, refreshing whites. Italy's many wine regions offer something for every taste, making it the perfect destination for any oenophile.France is home to some of the world's most iconic wine regions, including Champagne, Bordeaux and Margaux, and Burgundy. Each region has its own unique climate and terroir, which produces wines with distinct flavours and aromas. Champagne, for example, is known for its sparkling wines, which are made using a traditional method that includes a second fermentation in the bottle. The cool climate of Champagne creates wines that are light and refreshing, with delicate bubbles.
In contrast, the warmer climate of Bordeaux is ideal for producing full-bodied red wines. The region's signature grapes, such as Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, produce wines that are rich and complex, with plenty of tannins. And finally, Burgundy is renowned for its Pinot Noir wines, which are characterised by their elegant floral aromas and soft fruit flavours. No matter what type of wine you enjoy, you're sure to find a French wine region that suits your taste.
Spain is renowned for its delicious wines, and the country's varied climate and terrain provide the perfect conditions for a wide range of grape varieties. From the sunny beaches of the Costa del Sol to the misty mountains of the Pyrenees, each wine region has its own unique character. And with over 60 designated wine regions, there's plenty of variety to explore.
The most famous Spanish wine region is probably Rioja, located in the north-central part of the country. Here, Tempranillo grapes thrive in the cool, continental climate. The results are elegant, age-worthy wines that are perfect for pairing with food. For something a little different, head to Ribera del Duero, just south of Rioja. This region is known for its full-bodied red wines, made from the native Tinto Fino grape. If you're looking for a white wine, try heading to Galicia in northwest Spain. Here, you'll find refreshing Albariño wines that pair perfectly with seafood.